詞庫Lexicon

A

安全數據表Safety Data Sheet

由制造廠商提供的,關于其產品安全、處置程序和注意事項的信息資料。

The documents of products security, handling procedure and caution provided by the producer.

▲B

不溶的 Insoluble

不能被溶解的。It is not soluble.

不透明性 Opaqueness

使光線不能透過的能力，具有高不透明性的涂層能更好地遮蓋基材。

The ability of rays impermeable, with high non-transparency coating would cover base material better.

不透明著色料Opaque Stain

用以遮掩木材的天然顏色和紋理的外用著色料，但它仍可以使木材的花紋外露。通常是在裸木上涂一層即可。Used as exterior stain to mask the wood natural colors and textures, but the wood figure could still expose. It usually paints once over the raw wood.

丙烯酸系 Acrylic

被用作高性能水性涂料和密封膠粘結劑的一類合成聚合物。某些丙烯酸系聚合物用在汽車涂料、家電涂料等涂料中。It is used as a synthetic polymers of high-performance emulsion paint and sealant binder. Some acrylic synthetic polymers are used in automobile household appliances and other coatings. 

保光性 Gloss retention

涂層保持其光澤的能力，尤其指外墻涂料。The ability of a coating to retain its original gloss， especially for exterior coating.

保色性 Color retention

涂料保持其原有色澤，不退色的能力。這個術語通常用于外墻涂料。

The ability of a coating to retain its original color and fastness. This term usually used in exterior coating.

剝離Peeling

使用脫漆劑、砂紙、熱槍或其它刮除工具除去舊的涂料或清漆等物。同樣，也包括去除墻紙。

Using paint remover, abrasive paper, heat guns or other shaving tools to strike off old coatings or varnish. Also, including removing wallpaper.  

剝落 Spalling

1）因漆膜失去彈性和附著力,而成片地與基材分離的現象。As loss of elasticity and adhesion, that separate from substrate surface in pieces.

2）涂層以帶狀或片狀的形式與基材表面分離的現象。和片狀剝落相同,形成原因是由于涂層失去完整性和對基材的附著力。剝落可能發生在中間涂層,或延續至基材表面的涂層。

Coating in shape of band and sheet to separate from substrate surface. Same as sheet spalling, the forming reason is loss of integrity and substrate surface adhesion. Spalling may occur in the moisture condition, or expanding to substrate surface coating.

半光涂料 Satin finish

光澤度在高光和蛋殼光（絲綢色）之間的涂料品種。The coating with its gloss during highlight and egg-shell.

半透明著色料 Semi-transparent stain

改變木材的天然顏色，而木材的紋理和花紋仍然清晰可見的著色料。此術語常指外用產品，但從技術上也指涂刷在家具、地板和裝飾物的著色劑。Though the wood natural color turned, the wood textures and figures can be clearly visible with the stain. This term usually refers to external products, but also refer to the stain coating on furniture, floor and decorations in technology.

玻璃窗Marginal bars

將稀釋的、半透明油基漆，清漆或稀釋劑刷在被涂表面，以生成特殊的圖案或質地的裝飾技術。

Coating on surface with dilute and semi-transparent oil-based paint, varnish or diluent to make special figure or textured decorative technology. 

苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚乳液 Styrene-butadiene copolymer emulsion

類似于合成橡膠的合成乳液，可用以制備某些類型的乳膠漆。Similar with elastomeric syntheric latex, to prepare for some emulsion varnish.

表面活性劑瀝出 Surfactant leachate

在冷濕的條件下涂裝外用乳膠漆時，會造成乳膠漆的漆膜干燥緩慢。此時，常會在漆膜表面上出現具有丹寧顏色的亮點殘跡。也稱為水點、淚痕。也許不能夠馬上擦去，但一般在一個月左右可以處理干凈。

In wet environment coating with external emulsion varnish, that made it dry slowly. At this point, there would be tannin disability over the film. That also called water spot or tear stains. It may not be able to wipe off immediately, it could be clean in one month.

▲C

彩砂涂料Sand texture coating

表面粗糙的石膏墻壁，或加有沙粒的涂料。The parget metope with rough surface or coating with adding sand.

成膜Film formation

在施工乳膠漆后，漆膜由液態轉變為連續固態漆膜的過程。After coating emulsion varnish, the film process from liquid to continuous solid.

成膜助劑 Coalescing agent

在乳膠漆中，幫助乳膠漆成膜，起暫時性增塑劑的一種有機溶劑。它幫助粘結劑形成連續的漆膜，特別是在低于涂料的涂刷溫度范圍時。To help emulsion varnish producing to film, as temporal plasticizer of an organic solvent. It helps adhesive to be continuous film, especially under the coating temperature.

材料安全數據表Material safety data sheet

由制造廠商提供的,關于其產品安全、處置程序和注意事項的信息資料。Provided by the manufacture, the information about product security, handling procedure and application notice.

沉淀Sedimentation

涂料罐中的顏料或其它固體物在涂料的貯存中向下運動并最終積累于罐底的現象。

Paints in the cans or other solid substance downstream in storage and finally accumulated in the bottom

瓷漆Enamel paint

從技術上講，瓷漆指的是加了顏料的清漆或高光涂料。通常，這個詞用來描述高品質、抗積塵的涂料（通常為內用涂料），它的光澤度范圍介于緞光和有光之間 。這類涂料多用于廚房和浴室等處。In technology, enamel paint refers to colored varnish or highlight coating. This term is usually to describe high quality and dust resistive coating (usually interior coating), the gloss range is between satin light and light. This coating normally used in kitchen and bathroom.

粗糙面Rough surface

在涂料中加入一定比例較粗的或具有研磨性質的顏料，或打磨用的磨料，以在干漆膜上形成一種細小的花紋。這種花紋不但可改善涂層的抗磨亮性，還可以成為后繼涂層的良好附著基礎。

Adding proportional or abrasive pigments or abrasive materials to the paint, then to form a slight figure on the dried film. This figure could not only improve the abrasion resistance, but also be the base of coating good adhesion.

蟲膠 Shellac

源自紫膠的橙色醇溶樹脂?？捎米鞯匕宓姆忾]劑和清漆，或密封木節，及醇溶底漆。

Originated from orange alcohol-sol-resin. It is used as sealing agent and varnish for floor, or sealing knag or alcohol-sol base coat.

高壓水槍 High pressure gun

在高壓下用水的清洗設備。Water cleaning equipment under high pressure

▲D

單色涂裝方案 Single-color scheme

單一色調，深淺不一的裝飾方案。Single palette, different shades decoration plan.

底漆Primer

涂料體系中的第一道涂層為底漆涂層。多數底漆的作用是為了使基材與面漆間有足夠的附著力。大部分底漆中都含有一些顏料，有些底漆可為面漆提供平整一致的表面，有些可以防護基材生銹，還有些可以防止面漆變色。 Primer coating is the first coating. The usage of many primer coating is to strongly adhere base materials to finishing coat, most of the primer coatings has several pigments; some could provide a smooth surface for the finishing coat; some could prevent base materials from rusting.

底漆-封閉劑 Primer-sealing agent

防止或減少面漆下滲的打底體系。

Prevent or reduce finishing coat infiltration.

惰性的Inert

化學性質不活潑，對腐蝕有抗性。Chemically inert, with corrosion resistance.

搭接Lap

涂層與相鄰的新鮮涂層重迭而形成的區域。油工要保證接合點不能出現明顯的痕跡。

The area of coatings and neighboring coatings overlap. The painter must ensure that no obvious trace in joint point.

釘頭銹蝕 Pin corrosion

裸露的釘子頭被銹蝕。它會使其上所覆蓋的涂層透銹和變色。

The exposed pins were rusted. It would make the covered coatings rusting and discoloring.

鍍鋅的Galvanized

鍍鋅金屬是指為防止生銹而在表面涂鋅的黑色金屬。

Galvanized metal refers to ferrous metals galvanized surface that are preventing from rusting

▲E

二氧化硅Silicon dioxide

由磨碎的石英砂制造的顏料。是涂料的增強性填料；它使漆膜耐磨光，光澤均勻且消旋光性好。

This pigment is made of mashed silica sand. It is reinforcing filler, it makes the film wear-resistant polishing, gloss uniformity and fine optical rotation elimination.

▲F

豐滿度Fullness

用正常施工方法涂刷時，所得漆膜的厚度。With right way to paint, the thickness of the film.

反射率Reflectance

入射到表面的光線與其反射光線數量之比。The ratio of incoming light on surface and quantity

發粘Tacky

涂料干燥過程中，用手指輕觸涂膜，仍感覺有粘性的階段。

During drying process, touch the film slightly, and still in viscidity.

發花Floating

因基材封閉不當，干燥時溫度過高或過低而在整個漆膜上呈現出的光澤或顏色不均勻的現象。

As improperly closed, the phenomenon of gloss and color streaks over the whole film when dried temperature higher or lower.

封閉劑 Sealing Agent

用于封閉基材(木材、石膏層等)，并阻止基材吸收涂料或清漆的液體涂料。封閉劑可以是透明的，并能作底漆使用。

Used to seal base materials (timbering, gypsum and so on), it stops base materials to absorb coatings or varnish liquid paint. Sealing agent could be transparent and use as primer coating.

封閉膩子Under seal

類似涂料的稠厚物質，用來填平極粗糙的砂漿表面。Similar to heavy coating materials, that used to fill and level up the rough mortared surface.

泛堿Efflorescence

新鮮水泥石材中的堿性使涂料粘結劑遭到破壞的現象，能使涂層失色并造成漆膜的整體破壞。將聚醋酸乙烯乳膠漆或油基漆涂裝在不足一年的新水泥石材表面會產生這種現象。

The alkalinity of cement make the binder destroyed, coating fade and film damaged. Packed the polyvinyl acetate emulsion varnish or oil-based paint in the new cement with less than one year, it will happen.

浮色Flooding

涂層中的顏料粒子向涂層的表層移動，從而使涂層顏色發生變化。

The pigment moved to the surface, then the coating color changed.

粉化Chalking

外用涂料的涂層受氣候影響，表層被破壞，產生白色粉狀物質的現象。重涂涂料前應予以去除。

External coating was effected by weather, surface would be destroyed and white powdery substance appeared. Wiped off before re-paint.

腐蝕抑制劑Corrosion inhibitor

可防止金屬氧化或生銹的任何材料?？梢允峭吭诨纳系耐繉?、底漆、添加劑或顏料。

Any materials to prevent metal oxidation or rusting. That can paint over coating, primer coating, additive or pigment.

覆蓋率Coverage scale

指涂料的涂布率，一般用平方英尺/加侖或m2/l表示。在有顏料的涂裝材料中，它也指遮蓋力。

Refers to the coverage of coatings, it is with square foot/gallon or ㎡/l. As for chromatic coatings, it also refers to covering power.

防水劑Waterproof agent

經特殊配制，使水在其上可形成水珠流掉，并可減少水向基材下滲的外用透明裝飾劑。

With special preparation, make water as drop to drain, and reduce the external transparent decoration agent.

防潮性 Moisture resistance

涂層在經受潮份侵蝕后，抗拒膨脹，起泡或其它損害的能力。

After wet erosion, the ability of inflation resistance, blister or other damage.

防腐劑Preservative

防止微生物在一種有機物內(或上)生長的物質。它也是乳膠漆中為防止其被破壞的一種添加劑。

This material is to prevent microbial growth in or over organics. It is also an additive of emulsion varnish that to prevent it from destroying

防腐蝕涂料Anti-corrosion coating

直接涂裝在金屬表面上，可以防止金屬生銹或發生腐蝕的一種涂料。

Directly paint on the metal surface to prevent metal rusting or corrosion.

防霉劑Antiseptic

防止霉菌在涂層表面上生長的一種化學制劑，通常包含于外墻涂料的配方中。

It is chemical agent that prevent mould growing on the coating surface, it is usually included in external coating ingredients.

附著力Adhesive force

干燥的漆膜或密封劑附著在表面上的能力。附著力是涂料或密封劑唯一最重要的特性。

The ability of dried film or sealant adhere on the surface. The Adhesive force is the only important feature of coating or sealant.

非揮發物 Non-volatile matter

涂料中由顏料和粘結劑組成的固體成份；涂層干燥后，在表面留下的主要成份。

The solids that are consist of pigments and binder; after dried, the main ingredients on the surface.

飛濺Splash

滾涂乳膠漆時，涂料的液滴從滾筒甩出的情況。When roller coating emulsion varnish, the coating drop splashed from the drum.

▲G

光反射值 Light reflectance

漆膜表面的反光量。Light reflectance of film surface

光澤Gloss

涂層反射的光亮度。平光漆沒有光澤，高光涂料則有非常顯眼的光澤。

The brightness of coating reflection. Flat paint has no gloss; high-gloss paint has bright gloss.

固體份Solids

涂料中的非揮發性物質，例如涂料干燥后構成漆膜的主要成分。它主要包括粘結劑和顏料。

Non-volatile substance, like the main composition of film after dried. It mainly includes binder and pigments.

干墻膩子 Drywall compound

修補干墻裂紋、孔洞和其它殘缺處并使墻面間平滑無縫的糊狀物。

Repair drywall cracks, holes and other imperfects that make the wall smooth and seamless.

干燥時間Drying time

漆膜從涂刷到完全固化的時間。Time from paint to solid.

硅樹脂Silicone

用來合成具有高度耐熱性、良好防水性及抗化學品性的粘結劑的化合物。是許多乳膠漆配方中有效的消泡劑。To compound high heat-resistance, fine waterproofing and anti-chemical binder.

It is an effective deformer of many emulsion varnish formulations.

▲H

互補色 Complementary colors

色輪上直接相對的兩種顏色。Two contrast color on color wheel

合成物 Composition

一種人造物質，而非天然產物。It is synthetic substances, not natural products.

合成色 Secondary colors

將兩種原色混合在一起而形成的顏色。他們是橙色、綠色和紫色。The color mixed with two colors. They are orange, green and purple.

呼吸性Respiratory

漆膜允許基材的水蒸氣穿透的現象。Allowed the vapor of base material penetrate the phenomenon.

揮發性有機化合物 Volatile organic compound

指在標準測試條件下易蒸發的含碳化合物?；旧?，所有涂料和膩子的溶劑，除水分外，均為揮發性有機化合物。由于對環保和健康影響的關注，一些政府部門已開始限制涂料中VOC的使用量。It refers to the easily vaporing carbon-containing compound under standardized test. Basically, all solvent of coatings and putty, except moisture, all is volatile organic compound. As attention to environment and healthy effect, some government department had limited the quality of VOC.

揮發性的 Volatile

任何涂料組分中易蒸發的成分。Any component that is easy volatile.

海綿涂 Sponge painting

用海綿在已涂刷的表面上進行最后室內裝飾的特殊涂裝方法。

With sponge to paint on surface as finally interior decoration of special coating.

滑石Talcum

涂料中使用的白色填充顏料；硅酸鎂?？缮苫?。White filling pigment; magnesium silicate. That can make to talcum powder.

▲J

局部打底 Spot prime

為漆膜破損處或露出原有表面的地方涂刷底漆的過程。

Primer Coating to the damage or exposed surface.

松節油 Turpentine oil

從松樹干的溢液中蒸餾出的無色揮發性液體。在過去用作油基漆稀料和清洗劑，現已被石油溶劑油代替。This colorless and volatile liquid that Brewed from dry turpentine liquid. It was used as oil-based paint and cleaning agent, now it is instead of mineral spirit.

甲苯Methylbenzene

用于生產某些涂料和硝基漆的芳香烴溶劑；特別是在硝基漆中，也用作“還原劑”

It is used to produce some coating and aromatic solvent of nitro-lacquer; especially in nitro-lacquer, also called reductive agent.

堿Alkali

像石灰或堿液之類的堿性化學物質。通常存在于新水泥、混凝土和灰泥中。

It is alkaline chemical substance like lime or alkali. That usually used into cement, concrete and plaster.

結晶二氧化硅Crystalline Silica

由磨碎的石英砂制造的顏料。是涂料的增強性填料；它使漆膜耐磨光，光澤均勻且消旋光性好。

The pigment is made of grated silica sand. The reinforced filler of coating, it makes the film wear-resisting, gloss uniformity and fine optical racemization.

結皮Crust

在貯存的涂料表面形成漆膜的現象。這種現象是因為與空氣接觸所致。Film was made on coating surface. This phenomenon is because of air contacting.

聚乙酸乙烯酯Polyvinyl acetate

內墻乳膠漆中廣泛應用的一種粘結劑。It is binder that widely used in interior emulsion varnish.

聚合物Polymer

由醇類與石化產品制成的單體經聚合而成的，類似塑料的產品。某些聚合物被用作乳膠漆中的粘結劑。粘結劑的聚合物微粒很小且分散在水中。粘結劑粒子與水的混合物就是乳液或乳膠漆。

Similar to plastic products, monomer is composed of alcohols and petrochemical products. Some polymer used as binder in emulsion varnish. The binder polymer power is very small and disperse in water. Binder particle and water mixture is emulsion or varnish.

聚氨酯 Polyurethane

涂層具有優異的柔韌性和抗化學品性。Coating has excellent suppleness and chemical resistance.

聚氨酯改性醇酸樹脂 Polyurethane modified alkyd resin

一種用化學方法改性的醇酸樹脂，以提高柔韌性和抗化學品性。An alkyd resin modified with chemical method to improve the suppleness and chemical resistance.

聚氨酯清漆 Polyurethane lacquer

由改性醇酸樹脂制成的透明涂料。 Transparent coating with modified alkyd resin.

龜裂Cracking

在光滑表面涂漆，涂層不能很好地粘接在表面上，漆膜開裂，呈現出類似鱷魚皮紋路的花紋。在較軟底漆的漆膜上涂裝漆膜較硬的涂料或在油基底漆未干時對木材重涂也會導致此類現象的發生。Coating on smooth surface, it is not easily to adhere. Film cracks, the figure of crocodilian texture appeared. On the softer secondary coating film paint the harder coating or re-paint wood before oil-based coating dry also happen.

▲K

可再涂干燥Painting drying

漆膜到了可以涂第二道漆而不破壞早先涂層的干燥階段。

The dry period that not damage the previous coating, film can be painted on the second layer.

可打磨干燥Rubbing drying

漆膜可以被打磨而不會將砂紙粘住的干燥階段。The dry period that the film can be rubbed and the sand paper not be pasted on.

可洗滌性Wash-ability

涂層經受洗滌后，能在不損傷涂層的情況下除去其上所附著的灰塵的能力。After washed, the ability to wipe off all the adhesive dust that not damage the coating.

可滲透的Penetrable

允許水蒸氣透過而又不造成損害的。Allowed vapor to penetrate without damage.

可溶性Solubility

物料溶解在某種液體中的能力。The ability of dissolving in any liquid.

開裂 Cracking

因基材移動或漆膜的自然老化而造成的漆膜裂開。開裂的不同形式有發絲狀裂紋，微裂，細裂紋，大開裂或鱷紋裂。其中大開裂指涂層表面與基材紋理類似的裂紋。The film crack of base material moving or film natural ageing. Different type of cracking is: hairline cracking, tiny cracking, lines cracking, large cracking or crocodile cracking. Large cracking refers to surface and texture cracked.

抗著色性 Stain resistance

涂層抗沾污的性能。The performance of tarnish resistance.

抗腐蝕性 Corrosion resistance

物質抵御因與環境發生化學反應而造成的破壞性影響的能力。具有這種能力的涂料通常含有腐蝕抑制劑。The ability of resist frustrating effect that environment caused chemical reaction. With this ability coating always contains of corrosion resistance.

抗霉性 Mildew resistance

涂層阻止霉菌在其表面上生長的能力。Ability of preventing mildew from growing on surface.

▲L

流動性 Flow-ability

施工所得濕涂層展布均勻而不留刷痕或滾痕的能力。

The ability of coating uniformly without painting or roller painting trace.

流平性Levelling property

涂層形成沒有刷痕、滾痕的光滑涂層的能力。優質乳膠漆通常都有出色的流平性能。

Ability of polish coating without painting or roller painting trace. Fine emulsion varnish always with excellent leveling property.

流掛 Sagging

涂料或清漆以瀑布或較狹窄的不均勻形式向下方流動?？赡芤驗橥科岷穸冗^大，漆膜表面不平整的地方(如裂紋和空洞)沉積了多余的涂料，或多余的涂料待周圍表面固化后繼續流淌所致（也稱為流淌或流淚）。

Coating or varnish flow down as waterfall or narrow pocket shape. Possibly as rugged thickness, the irregular surface deposit many excrescent coatings, or flow after the surrounding become solid(Also cold flow or tears )

磷酸三鈉 Trisodium phosphate                                                     

一種堿性清洗劑。因為含有磷酸鹽，在某些地區可能被禁用。

A kind of alkaline cleaner. As including phosphate, some regions are forbidden.

鋁粉漆 Aluminum paint

一種涂料，通常為溶劑型。其中含有鋁粉以使漆膜呈現金屬外觀。

A coating, usually is emulsion. Including that aluminate powder and film appear metal appearance.

鏤花涂裝 Stencil finishing

將模板覆蓋在待涂表面上，用刷涂或海綿涂繪出圖案的涂裝方法。

露點 Dew-point

空氣中水蒸汽開始凝結的溫度。

▲M

密封劑 Sealant

用來填補裂縫、縫隙、接口和連接的物質的統稱。

木材膩子Wood putty

添加了極大比例顏料的，在涂刷底涂涂料和面漆之前，用以填平木材表面的紋理的涂料產品。多用于有開放式紋理的硬木，如橡木，秦木，胡桃木，櫻桃木，也可用在家具和裝飾品上。

毛絨Plush

涂料滾筒套上的纖維。

磨光Polish

因擦拭或洗滌，使局部漆膜光澤有所增強的現象。

美制加侖US gallon

等于四夸脫，八品特，231立方英寸，或3.785升。一美制加侖水重8.33磅。

美國環保署Environment and Protection Association(EPA)

美國聯邦政府中負責環境保護的機構。

霉菌Mould

在涂層表面上生長的黑色、灰色或棕色霉菌。多生長于潮濕、背光處。

面漆 Finish paint

在一個涂料體系中，最后涂裝的那層涂料叫做面漆。通常涂刷在底漆、內層漆或膩子上。

▲N

內層涂料Internal coating

加有顏料的涂料，當涂刷在裸木或底漆上時，可提供改良的附著力和/或最佳的光澤度及一致的外觀效果。

泥裂 Mud-crack

漆膜出現的類似干泥一樣的裂紋。因漆膜涂裝得過厚或涂料在邊角處過度積累造成的。

粘度Viscosity

涂料的粘稠程度或可刷性。

粘度Viscosity

涂料液態時的粘稠程度。

粘結劑Binder

1）涂料中，將顏料粒子"粘縛"起來，與之一起形成連續性的，均勻的漆膜，并使漆膜附著在其所涂裝的表面上的成份。粘結劑的性質及在涂料中的含量是決定大部分漆膜的性能特性-如堅韌性、可洗滌性、附著力、保色性和耐久性等決定性的因素。

2）在密封膠中，將顏料粒子"粘縛"起來以形成并使密封膠附著在表面的成分。密封膠的主要性能特性-耐久性、附著力和低溫下的柔韌性-都由所含的粘結劑決定。

耐久性Durability

指暴露在室外的漆膜抵御由環境造成的破壞性影響的能力，特別是在日曬等嚴酷的氣候影響下；這個術語也同樣適用于室內用漆，指漆膜經擦洗而不破壞的能力。

耐侯性Weather resistance

涂層能經受風、雨、日光等因素的影響，而保持其外觀和完整性不變的能力。

耐擦洗性 Scrubbing resistance

當以刷子、海綿、布或加有磨料的皂液揉磨漆膜時，漆膜不被磨損或外觀不被改變的能力。

耐紫外線性 Ultraviolet resistance

涂層受到日光中紫外線的輻射時，不被破壞的能力。

膩子膏Spackling compound

用來填補木板或墻壁等處上的孔洞或裂紋，以得到光滑平整的涂裝表面的膏狀或可以變成膏狀的粉末物質。

▲P

噴涂Spray paint

用壓縮空氣將涂料以薄霧的形式直接噴刷在表面上的涂裝方法。噴涂設備的類型有：氣溶膠罐、有空氣噴涂和高壓無氣噴涂。

平光漆 Flat paint

漆膜無光的涂料。常用于內、外墻和天花板的涂裝。

▲Q

氣溶膠Aerosol

罐裝（通常為手持型）的涂料，受到壓力后噴出（自動的）。磁漆和清漆常裝在氣溶膠罐中出售。

淺色Undertint

將白色加入到其它色彩中就會生成淺色。

清漆Varnish

在涂刷為薄層后，可形成透明固態薄膜的液態合成物。

起泡 Blister

涂層中所產生的中空圓泡。

鉛 Plumbum

一種軟金屬。鉛的化合物曾被用作白色顏料；而且還被用作添加劑，以防止丹寧滲透。

▲R

乳液Emulsion

一種液體分散在另一種液體中（不是溶解），所得到的通常為乳白色的混合物。乳膠漆的粘結劑常常被稱為乳液，盡管它是由固體聚合物粒子分散在液體(水)中形成的。在歐洲，乳膠漆常被稱為乳化漆。

乳膠漆Emulsion paint

以丙烯酸酯、乙烯基丙烯酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯丙烯酸酯共聚物，乙烯基三元化合物或苯乙烯丙烯酸等為基礎而制備的水性涂料。與溶劑型涂料不同，乳膠漆干燥速度快，且容易用水清洗。

柔光 Subdued light

光澤度的等級為中下等；不能照見須發的柔弱光澤。以垂直的角度觀看某個表面時，沒有光澤；但從小角度觀看會稍有光澤。

柔韌性Flexibility

涂層干燥后，順應基材的移動而不被破壞的能力。

潤飾 Embelish

將局部打底或修補過的小面積與四周區域渾為一體的作業過程。

溶劑Solvent

涂料成膜物溶解或分散在其中的揮發性液體。

燃點Ignition

一種液體揮發的蒸汽能被點燃的最低溫度。

軟木Cork

針葉常綠的喬木，如冷杉、松樹、云杉和鐵杉等木材。名稱與木材的硬度無關。

▲S

三合一的色彩設計 Three-in-one color design

由色輪上處于等距位置的三種顏色構成的顏色方案。

失色Eclipsed

失去顏色，通常因日曬所致。

殺真菌劑Fungicide

某些涂料中，用來防止霉菌或其它真菌在涂層表面繁殖的成分。

水可稀釋性water-reducible

可以用水，水與助溶劑混合物或堿稀釋的能力。

水性涂料 Water paint

用丙烯酸酯樹脂、乙烯基樹脂、或其它乳膠樹脂制成，并用水稀釋的涂料。它與溶劑型涂料相比，有嗅味低、透氣性好、易清洗等特點。其中的液體成分主要是水。

深色Dark color

在一種顏色中加入灰色，就可以產生了這種顏色的深色。它是顏色變深的現象。

濕態附著力Wet adhesion

盡管在潮濕的表面上，干燥的涂料也能附著的能力。這一點對外用涂料和膩子尤為重要。

濕膜厚度Wet film thickness

剛剛完成施工，還沒干燥的涂層的厚度。

濕邊保持 Wet-edge extender

新刷涂層能夠接受重迭接頭涂裝而不出現重迭痕跡的時間的長度。

生物殺滅劑 Biocide

一種具有生物活性的涂料和密封膠添加劑?？墒辜毦粫茐馁A存中的涂料；或使霉菌不在涂層上生長。

石油溶劑油 White spirit

從石油中餾出的烴溶劑；油漆稀料。

石油餾出物 Petroleum distillate

自石油中分離出的液態烴溶劑，如石油溶劑油。

石繪

仿大理石花紋的特殊涂裝技巧。

石腦油 Naphtha

職業油工用來稀釋油基漆和清洗時使用的一種石油餾出溶劑。

石膏Gypsum

天然結晶硫酸鈣，用作涂料中的添加劑及石膏墻板、石膏飾件的制造。

砂漿材料Mortar materials

礦物性建材，包括水泥、砂漿、石材、磚塊和石灰砂漿等。

色值Color value

指顏色的深淺。也就是淺藍、中藍、深藍具有不同的色值。Refers to color gradation. That means light blue, medium blue and dark blue have different value.

色調 Hue

顏色的基調。例如可能是紅色或綠色。深、淺變化的顏色仍屬同一色調。因此，淺紅和深紅是屬于同一色調的。Color hue. Possibly as red or green. Dark or light changeable color belongs to one hue. Therefore, light red and dark red belong to the same hue.

色調 Hue

顏色的基調。例如可能是紅色或綠色。深、淺變化的顏色仍屬同一色調。因此，淺紅和深紅是屬于同一色調的。Color hue. Possibly as red or green. Dark or light changeable color belongs to one hue. Therefore, light red and dark red belong to the same hue.

色輪 Color wheel

自圓心向外楔形分區，分別繪以特定顏色的圓形圖表。供裝飾工程配色時參考使用。

▲T

體積固含量Solid volume loading

涂料中固體的(顏料加粘結劑)體積與涂料總體積之比，以百分含量表示。體積固體高的涂料形成的漆膜厚，使遮蓋力和耐久性均得到提高。優質溶劑型涂料的典型體積固體量為45-65％，而優質乳膠漆通常為35-45％。頂級丙烯酸密封劑為70％－80％。

凸邊Convex edge

在涂料罐開口處，用來蓋罐蓋的邊緣。

填料Filler

低遮蓋力的廉價顏料，可填充在涂料中以提高顏料的遮蓋力，補充著色顏料的顏料分，增加涂料的體積，并對涂料的很多性質有雙重影響。常見的填料為瓷土、碳酸鈣和滑石粉。

彈性 Elasticity

涂料隨基材的變化而收縮或膨脹，但外觀不被破壞或改變的能力。這種膨脹和收縮是由溫度和濕度的變化而產生的。

桐油Tung oil

得自桐樹果仁的快干油；通常用在桅桿清漆和其它優良的木材用清漆中。

涂布率Spreading rate

覆蓋一定面積的涂料體積。建議的涂布率一般標注在涂料的包裝罐上，如10平方米/升。(涂布率受涂裝的方法和技術、基材的多孔度以及涂料本身性質的影響而變化。

涂料Paint

為基材提供保護和/或裝飾層面的色漆、著色劑、清漆、硝基漆或其它罩面漆。

碳酸鈣Calcium carbonate

在涂料或密封劑中用做填料的一種礦物粉末。

脫脂劑Degreasant

為基材表面除去油、脂等污漬的溶劑或化合物。

褪色Fade

涂層因受光、熱、或氣候的影響而出現顏色變淺的現象。

透明的Transparent

允許光線透過而不發生漫射和散射的材料；清晰可見。

鈦白 Titanium white

昂貴的，最不透光的明亮白色顏料。用作溶劑型漆和乳膠漆的主要顏料。

▲W

微裂 Hair-cracking

漆膜表層出現的短而窄的裂紋。當涂料失去彈性后就會發生微裂。

指觸干 Touch dry

漆膜已有足夠的硬度，輕輕觸摸時不會粘在手指上的干燥階段。

無機的Inorganic

動植物以外的物質。例如，礦物和鹽類。

桅桿清漆Spar varnish

有良好防水性和耐風化性的外用清漆。因最初用在船體的桅桿上而得名。

紋理Grain

木材或膠合板中纖維的走向、大小、布局或外觀。

紋理突起Grain raised

木材吸收液體后，木材中短的纖維和斷掉的纖維發生膨脹并立起的現象。水特別容易造成這種情況的發生。

▲X

修補性Reparative

對已涂表面上的小面積區域進行涂刷，修補涂層的損傷處、擦傷處以及被破壞的地方，以恢復涂層的原貌。

消光劑Flatting agent

為有光漆膜消光，使基材變得略為粗糙的一種液態化學品。這有助于增加漆膜的附著力。

相關色Related color

在色輪上相鄰的兩種顏色。

稀釋劑Diluent

添加在涂裝材料中的用以降低其粘度的溶劑。稀釋劑不是粘結劑必需的溶劑。

稀釋劑Diluent

與粘結劑一同成為涂料載體的液體。稀釋劑待涂料刷完后蒸發掉。乳膠漆中的稀釋劑是水，而松節油和石油溶劑油是油基漆的稀釋劑。

▲Y

乙烯基樹脂Vinyl resin

可用來制備一些水性涂料，特別是內用平光漆的一種透明的合成樹脂。

Can make some water-based paint, especially an transparent synthetic resin of interior flat paint. 

亞麻油 Linseed oil

來自亞麻仁的干性油。知名度較高，且在涂料工業中得到廣泛應用的油料。

From drying soil of linseed. High awareness, and used widely in coating industry.

原色 Primary color

不能由任何兩種其它顏色混合而成的顏色。它們是：紅、黃和藍。

That cannot be consisted of any two colors. They are red, yellow and blue.

易燃性inflammability

一種物質能被點燃的性質。這種物質的燃點在37.80C以下。

The property of being lighted. The light is under 37.80C

有機的Organic

從活質中得來的物質。分子結構中含碳元素。

The material from bioplasm. Including carbon in molecular structure.

有毒的Toxic

有害的或有毒的材料。 Harmful or toxic materials.

氧化Oxidation

有氧參與的化學反應。例如：油基漆中油的干燥過程，或鐵和鋼材的生銹都涉及氧化反應。

Chemical reaction with oxygen. Like: oil-based paint in drying , or iron and steel rusting all refer to oxidation.

油基漆 Oil-based paint

以亞麻仁油、豆油或桐油等干性油為載體和粘結劑，并以石油溶劑油或油漆稀料等為稀釋劑生產的涂料。通常漆膜干燥后較硬，但干燥時間長于乳膠漆，而且再涂時間也長。

Used linseed oil, soy-bean oil or tung oil and other drying oil as the carrier and binder, and made coating of white spirit or paint thinner as diluent. Usually after dried, film become harder. But it takes longer to dry than emulsion varnish, as well as re-paint time.

油漆Oil paint

以溶解在有機溶劑中的合成熱塑性成膜物質為基礎制備的涂裝材料。通過溶劑蒸發而干燥。

It is dissolved in organic solvent synthetic thermoplastic film as basic preparing coating material. Dried by solvent vaporing.

液體打磨劑 Liquid polishing

為涂層表面消光，以增加層間附著力的液態化學品。The liquid chemical that increase the adhesion between coatings to extinct on surface.

硬度Hardness

材料在不變形、不受損傷的前提下，能夠承受壓力的程度。The bearing degree of stress on the premise of non-deformation nor undestroyed. 

硬木Hardwood

闊葉的樹木（與松木或軟木相比）。此術語與木材的實際硬度無關。例如櫟木、槭木、桉木、櫸木、胡桃木和山核桃木等。

Broadleaf tree (compared with pine or cork wood) This term is irrelevant to the thickness. Like oak, maple, eucalypt, beech, walnut and hickory wood.

硬質纖維板Hardboard

對任何由壓縮的木質纖維制造的，光滑、無紋理的板材的通稱。用為外用壁板。

Generic terms of any smooth and non-texture boards that made of constringent wooden fiber.

Used for exterior wallboard.

顏料Pigment

作為涂料組分之一的粉末狀物質。為涂料提供顏色、遮蓋力并使涂料體積增大。

As one of the power material of coating group. Provide color, coverage to make coating volume larger.

▲Z

中間涂層 Intermediate coat

夾在兩道涂層中間的涂層。有時指發生在涂層之間的情況，例如"層間附著力"。

Between in the middle of two coating. Sometimes refer to situation between coatings. Like “interlamination adhesion”

指觸干燥 Dry tack-free

漆膜到了觸摸時不發粘的干燥階段。Dry period of not tacky when touched.

植物油Vegetable oil

從植物的種子或核仁中提煉出的油。Extracting oil from seed or walnut.

沾布Cloth

浸漬某種發粘物質的織物。在涂漆前，用以除去經過打磨或揉磨表面上的塵埃。應保存在密封容器中，以保持其粘性。This cloth of infused tacky materials. Before coating, wipe off the surface dust. Should store in sealed container to remain its viscidity.

皂化Saponification

因受基材中（新混凝土或新的石膏等）的堿和潮氣的攻擊，而造成涂料的粘結劑分解。皂化的漆膜會遭到破壞，喪失其附著力并變色。Attacked by the alkali and humidity from base materials (new concrete or gypsum), made the binder resolve. The saponification would be destroyed, losing of adhesion and discoloration.

著色劑 Stain

添加到涂料中以得到指定顏色的濃縮液或固體顏料。

Solid pigment or specified concentrates that added to coatings

著色劑滲出Stain exudation

某些木材（如雪松、紅木和桃花心木）中所含丹寧滲出涂層之外，并使之變色。

Except of tannin exuding from some wood (like cedar, rose wood and mahogany ), and discolored.

著色清漆Stain varnish

加入了透明色料的清漆。它的穿透力通常比真正的著色劑低。

The varnish that added transparent pigment. The penetration is lower than the real stain.

紫外線 Ultraviolet ray

日光光譜輻射能的一部分，該輻射能會對涂層和未被保護的木材表面造成損害。

Part of sunlight spectrum radiant energy, this radiant does harm to coating and unprotected wood surface.

職業安全健康管理組織OH&S management system

為美國受雇人員制定工作場所健康和安全標準的美國聯邦政府的組織。The USA federal government organization that set up work-place health and security standard for American employees.

自配色Custom color

把著色劑添加到涂料中或將不同顏色的涂料混合而形成的特殊顏色的涂料的作法。零售商可根據用戶的選擇來配制。Added stain to coating or mix different coatings to become a special coating. Retailers confects by customers require.

載色劑 Binding agent

涂料里，顏料分散在其中的液體部分。由粘結劑和稀料組成。

Pigment is dispersed in the liquid. Composed of binder and paint thinner.

遮蓋力Covering power

涂料使被涂刷的表面不可復見的能力。遮蓋力是由顏料提供的，并受涂層厚度和流平性的影響。

Ability of disappearing coated surface. Covering power provided by pigment and effected by thickness and leveling property.

遮蓋功能Applied hiding

不僅指漆膜的不透明性，還包括對表面的遮蓋程度。主要依賴于涂膜的厚度和良好的流動性。一定要考慮對涂料采用的施工方法（刷涂，滾涂或噴涂等）。

Not only refers to the opaqueness, but also with the coverage. That relies on the thickness and fine levelling property. The coating construction method (coating, roller coating or spray coating) should be considered.